Understanding New Zealand’s Tax System
The New Zealand government gets most of its income from taxes on individual’s income, business income, and goods and services. These taxes are important for funding different programmes and services. You can see what amount and type of tax is collected and how it’s used by the Government through the Treasury’s financial statements.
Self-assessed Tax System
In New Zealand, taxes are determined through a self-assessed system. This means that you must:
- Understand and pay the right tax based on your income
- File or approve a tax return at the end of the tax year
- Determine if you are eligible for any social policy programmes
Income Tax
Your income tax is the tax on the income you earn. It is calculated based on different income ranges and tax rates. The amount of tax you pay depends on your total income for the tax year.
Individual Income Tax
Income tax for individuals is assessed in tiers, meaning tax rates increase as your income increases. Certain amounts of your income are taxed at specific rates according to how much you make.
Business Income Tax
This tax is applicable on business income. If your business is not incorporated, you will use individual tax rates. Other types of businesses have different rates.
Goods and Services Tax (GST)
This is a tax on goods and services sold in New Zealand by registered suppliers. If your business earns more than $60,000 in turnover from taxable activities in any 12-month period, you will need to register for GST and collect it on behalf of the government.
Different Types of Income
Check the lists of income types for individuals and businesses to ensure you pay the correct tax. Also, your tax residency status can affect how much tax you pay.
Filing Your End-of-Year Tax Return
Regardless of your income type, you will need to double-check your tax at the end of each tax year. Depending on what you’ve paid during the tax year and your total income, you might have a refund due, owe more tax, or be square with the tax office.
Social Policy Programmes
You might be interested in becoming part of social policy programmes in New Zealand, such as a voluntary savings scheme for retirement, Working for Families, or student loans.
It’s key that everyone in New Zealand, whether individuals or businesses, pays tax on their income. The income could be from salary, self-employment, property rentals, or overseas income. It’s essential to utilize the correct tax code to avoid paying inaccurate tax rates.
Income Tax Rates
New Zealand uses a progressive or gradual taxation system. This means that tax rates increase as your income increases.
For the tax year starting on April 1, 2021, the rates are as follows:
Income Range | Tax Rate |
---|---|
Up to $14,000 | 10.5% |
Over $14,000 and up to $48,000 | 17.5% |
Over $48,000 and up to $70,000 | 30% |
Over $70,000 and up to $180,000 | 33% |
Remaining income over $180,000 | 39% |
Note: If you have more than one income source, you will have to pay secondary tax to avoid a tax bill at the end of the year.
For more information and further advice, refer to the official guides published by the New Zealand Government.