• New Zealand Regions
      • Hawke's Bay
      • Bay of Plenty
      • Waikato
      • Whanganui
      • Manawatu
      • Northland
      • Auckland
      • Gisborne
      • Taranaki
      • Wellington
      • West Coast
      • Nelson
      • Canterbury
      • Otago
      • Marlborough
      • Southland
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      Hawke's Bay

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      Beaches, wineries and Art Deco. The Hawke's Bay has a diverse economy, including business services that support its sectors to be the second largest contributor to regional GDP in the country. A popular tourist destination, the region has some of the countries best restaurants as well as stunning scenery, markets and festivals.

      Districts

      HastingsNapier

      Bay of Plenty

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      The Bay of Plenty is officially New Zealand's sunniest destination, enjoying short-lived winters and long summer days. The Region offers some of the country's most spectacular views and many ways to enjoy the pristine scenery and natural wonders. Visitors also enjoy exploring the Bay's Māori heritage and pre-European roots.

      Districts

      OpotikiOpotiki iSiteKawerauWhakatane

      Waikato

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      The Waikato is known for its rolling plains, fertile land and the mighty Waikato River. The region is the fourth largest regional economy in New Zealand, with a strong focus on primary production and associated manufacturing.

      Districts

      South WaikatoWaikato District

      Whanganui

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      Welcome to Whanganui. This is our place; where history is full of stories, legends and rich legacy. Where a thriving arts scene, creativity and evolving culture inspire our modern lives. Where breath-taking natural landscapes capture imaginations at every turn.

      Manawatu

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      Located in the lower North Island, Manawatu is heartland New Zealand, offering an authentic Kiwi experience.

      The main in the region are Palmerston North, most notable for Massey University. Palmerston has a vibrant, arts and culture scene.

      The region's economy is based on food production and processing, research and education. The region is also home for the New Zealand defence force.

      Northland

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      Northland was originally home to some of our country's first human inhabitants. Today, it is one of the fastest growing regions in New Zealand and home to nearly 189,000 people. Rich in culture and history, the region boasts a stunning natural environment.

      Auckland

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      Auckland Region stretches from the the beaches of the Pacific Ocean in the east to the expansive beaches of the rugged west coast of the Tasman Sea. Auckland City, the largest urban area in New Zealand is considered the main economic center of New Zealand and a popular destination for international students and travellers.

      Gisborne

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      Gisborne is a Region on the east coast of New Zealand's North Island. It's known for wineries and surf beaches such as Makorori. The region has maintained a strong Maori heritage. The region's economy is made up mainly of agriculture, horticulture and forestry.

      Taranaki

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      Taranaki is a coastal and mountainous region on the western side of New Zealand's North Island. Its landscape is dominated by Mount Taranaki, its namesake volcano, which lies within the rainforested Egmont National Park.

      The port city of New Plymouth is the area's cultural and commercial hub. Taranaki's economy is diverse and includes dairy, oil and gas. The region is the highest contributor or national GDP per capita. 

      Wellington

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      The Wellington Region covers Wellington city in the south, Upper and Lower Hutt valleys to the north-east, and Porirua to the north-west. The region takes its name from Wellington, New Zealand's capital city.

      Wellington is famous for its arts and culture scene and is also the centre of New Zealand's film industry.

      West Coast

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      The West Coast, or as some locals call it, the "Wild West", is a long thin region that runs down the South Island's west coast.

      The region has the lowest population in all of New Zealand. It is famous for its rugged natural scenery such as the Pancake Rocks, the Blue Pools of Haast, and the glaciers.

      The main industries in the region are dairy farming and mining. Tourism also plays an important role.

      Nelson – Tasman

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      Nelson Tasman is an extraordinary, vibrant region where art and businesses thrive together among a stunning natural landscape. With one in five people internationally born, Nelson Tasman has 48 different cultures living in its environs.

      The region prides its self on being New Zealand’s leading Research and Development areas, with the highest proportion of people working in the research, science and tech sectors out of anywhere in New Zealand.

      Canterbury

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      Canterbury is a region on New Zealand’s South Island marked by grassy plains, clear lakes and snow-capped mountains. Its largest city, Christchurch, is famed for its art scene and green spaces.

      Otago

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      There are few places in the world which will leave you with a lasting sense of difference. Central Otago is undoubtedly one of them from its landscapes, its seasons, its people, its products and experiences.

      Marlborough

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      Marlborough Region is on the north-eastern corner of the South Island. The region is well known for its winemaking industry, and the Marlborough Sounds, an extensive network of coastal waterways, peninsulas and islands.

      Apart from the wine industry, aquaculture, agriculture and tourism play an important role in the local economy.

      Southland

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      Southland is New Zealand’s most southerly region and includes the World Heritage ranked Fiordland National Park.

      The region's only city Invercargill offers a relaxed pace of life with wide streets, little traffic, spacious parks and gardens, striking Victorian and Edwardian architecture and impressive sporting facilities including New Zealand’s first indoor velodrome. Southland's location is such that views of Aurora Australis or the Southern Lights are common.

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经济史

当欧洲人开始抵达新西兰时,他们遇到了原住的毛利人。毛利部落靠农业、渔业和狩猎维持生计。贸易是通过易货制度进行的,没有土地货币或财产权的概念。

欧洲首批定居者中有许多参与了封口、捕鲸和林业等活动,他们与毛利人进行粮食和其他服务交易。

1840 年,英国王室和若干 Iwi(毛利部落)毛利人签署了《怀唐伊条约》。正是在这个时候,第一批欧洲定居者抵达新西兰。

对土地所有权含义的误解意味着毛利人意识到他们在这样做的时候出售了他们的土地。紧张局势导致了冲突,王国政府对土地进行了一系列没收。

在整个 19 世纪 60 年代,欧洲定居者人口增加,由于欧洲疾病、酒精和武器的进口,毛利人下降。直到二十世纪,毛利人口才开始恢复。

同样在 19 世纪 60 年代,泰晤士河和奥塔哥发现了黄金,导致黄金热潮。大约在这个时候,新西兰开始养羊。英国对羊毛的需求大大推动了新西兰经济。

新西兰和英国之间的经济关系继续扩大。随着制冷的引入,新西兰得以向联合王国供应食品。到 1914 年,新西兰是世界上最富有的国家之一,如果不平等的话。

战争

第一次世界大战扰乱了欧洲的农业生产,增加了对新西兰产品的需求。农业用地价值迅速增加,经济泡沫形成,最终在 1929 年全球经济衰退期间崩溃。许多与农业有关的行业都受到影响,新西兰陷入了经济萧条。

1931 年纳皮尔地震通过对城市重建的投资促进了地区经济。到 1932 年,新西兰政府贬值了该货币,以降低新西兰产品对欧洲进口商的价格。同样在 1932 年,英国和新西兰签署了关于帝国贸易的渥太华协议,这加强了新西兰在英国市场的地位,损害了非帝国竞争者的利益。

1935 年,新当选的工党政府将中央银行(新西兰储备银行)国有化。新政府还制定了支持农业营销、货币贷款的政策,并启动了国家住房计划。

战后

第二次世界大战结束后,新西兰的经济继续挣扎。到 1960 年代,联合王国开始脱离包括新西兰在内的英联邦伙伴,加入欧洲经济共同体。

新西兰政府意识到需要实现出口市场多样化,并开始与奥地利进行谈判。1965 年,新西兰-澳大利亚自由贸易协定(NAFTA)签署。1983 年,随着经济关系更紧密的协议,自由贸易协定进一步升级。

1973 年至 1984 年间,新西兰因一系列相互关联的经济危机和政府管理不善而不堪重负,这些危机造成了通货膨胀上升和失业率增加。

改革

对政府的不满意导致 1984 年选出了一个工党政府。在就职后的几周内,政府进行了全面改革以放松对经济的监管。

政府取消了对利率的控制,开放了金融市场,并于 1985 年浮动了新西兰元。为了支持贸易,政府对贸易组织进行了私有化,降低了关税并取消了进口许可证。

信贷控制的取消导致私营部门借款增加。资产价格急剧上涨,新西兰经济扩张。希望获得更多利润的银行降低了贷款门槛。1987 年,股市崩溃导致许多拖欠还款,银行纷纷遏制贷款,包括提高利率和提高贷款门槛。

从 1984 年起,新西兰元升值,使新西兰出口竞争力降低。农业部门在这些变化中首当其冲,许多农民出售农场并搬到城市。廉价的进口损害了新西兰的制造业。全球经济衰退进一步伤害了新西兰。

开放经济

到九十年代初,年度通货膨胀降至低个位数。经济复苏始于 1991 年底。1998 年短暂的插曲之后,持续强劲的增长,到 2006 年已成为该国有史以来最长和最强的增长期之一。

饥荒者开始多样化经济作物,例如葡萄酒换葡萄。制造业专注于提高效率和出口。随着国际旅行相对成本的下降,旅游业正在逐渐向服务经济转变。

尽管 2008 年全球金融危机使新西兰短暂陷入衰退,但与许多其他经济体相比,其影响微不足道。中国和澳大利亚对新西兰产品的强劲需求保持了经济增长。

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